Crime Among Social Groups Essay -- Crime Social Class Society Violence

Crime Among Social Groups Why are crime rates higher among some social groups than the others? Are some groups more prone to crime, or are they in situations more conducive to crime? Many factors can influence a person to commit a crime, but is there a common trait that leads people down the road to actually committing a crime. Some traits that can influence criminal behavior are: Families, Economic status, Gender, Race, and Age. Married life domesticates but also can cause strain and difficulties. There are new conflicts that arise from people getting married. Often it is the first major decision of one's life and soon there are more bills, more relatives, conflicting plans, children, your spouse might die, and annoying habits that your spouse may have emerge, in most relationships these can all be overcome in time as divorce stats indicate, society is not yet to the point where for every marriage there is a coinciding divorce. "A correlation rises from low incomes, increased uncertainty and fear, and increased personal frustration. These factors put family life under a strain and lead to an increase in child and spouse abuse."1 If these new challenges cannot be overcome then a broken home is the most common result. A broken family can generate in different ways, death, separation, divorce. These are the most common but not all possible reasons for a broken home. There are two ways to observe a break in a fa mily: Husband-wife and Parent- Child. "In addition, less than one-third (31%) of the inmates were married at the time of admission to a correctional facility, compared with almost two-thirds (63%) of adults aged 18 and over in the general population."2 The death of a partner can cause an unstable mind in a surviving spouse and their children. Widowed people are chiefly older, so crime is a smaller more limited problem with the survivors. Younger widows tend to migrate to different cities, females generally moving west and males moving east. This migration, as we will call it, of widowed women overcrowding cities like Los Angeles, San Francisco and Washington cause desperate males to follow women to these cities. Knowing that widows are usually left with money through life insurance policies and inheritance from their deceased partners, less fortunate people envy the cash and see the dense population of female widows as being easy victims. Th... ...d Bade, Robin Macroeconomics Canada in the Global Environment Addison - Wesley Publishers Limited Don Mills, ONT. 1997 pg. 505 Sylvester Jr. Sawyer F. The Heritage of Modern Criminology Schenkam Publishing Company Cambridge, Massachusetts. 1972 Sinclair, Roberta L. and Boe, Roger Male Young Offenders in Canada: Recent Trends Research Branch Correctional Services Canada. 1998 Taylor, Jo-Anne and Atkins, Christine Models of Family among Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Offenders. Correctional Research and Development Correctional Services Canada. 1993 Tierney, John Criminology: theory & context Prentice Hall/ Harvester Wheatsheaf Hertfordshire 1996 Uzoaba, Julius H. E. Managing Older Offenders; Where Do We Stand? Research Branch Correctional Services Canada. 1998 Vanderburg, Susan A. Weekes, John R. and Millson,William A. Native Offender Substance Abuse Assessment: The Computerized Lifestyle Assessment Instrument Research and Statistics Branch Correctional Services Canada. 1994 Author Unknown A Profile of Inmates in Adult Correctional Facilities Statistics Canada, The Daily, Thursday, June 4, 1998 http://www.statcan.ca/Daily/English/980604/d980604.htm#ART2

Police Organization Essay

I this paper I am going to explain to you the various types of police agencies at the local, state, and federal level and how each is organized. I will also identify the principal roles and functions of police organizations and their roles as they relate to the law. When I am finished with my paper you should have a better understanding of police organizing and how police organization works. The United States has one of the most complex law enforcement systems because of the various levels of their policing agencies. In the United stated each town, county, state, city, and small village has it’s oh policing agency. Even though there are various police agencies the structural organization is similar. This is because all law enforcement agencies have the same objective. The organizations of the police agencies are hierarchical. Police institutions can be analyzed like organizations with several key components (Alvarado, 2008). These organizations are designed with rank structure, separate departments and units. These components work together to form a fully functioning law enforcement agency. Some examples of local agencies are city, county, town, and incorporated village police. These agencies work together in order to ensure safety at a local level. There are many different functions and roles of the local police agencies. Local police are responsible for performing many routine activities. The duties include patrolling the neighborhood community, enforcing the law, providing emergency services, conducting investigations, and upholding community relations. Local police are not responsible for enforcing the law outside their jurisdiction and assistant is needed at a higher level (Congressional Digest, 1965). As far as state level goes there are also various agencies. These agencies include state and port authority police. State police agencies have many roles when it comes to the law. The state agencies are responsible for keeping the area within the state safe, keep our highways safe, and keep our parks free of crime, violent, and violations. Federal levels are responsible for coming in and stepping up when our lower levels of authority are in desperate need of help ( example: An older man meeting up with a girl whom he had met online). The FBI has to get involved when it comes to this. Sometimes also when dealing with federal you end up dealing with government as well. The FBI and other federal police help solve crimes that lower authority cannot handle or sometimes just need some help. So as you can see the police levels have to be well organized in order to be effective and in well working order. In this paper I have explained to you the various types of police agencies at the local, state, and federal level and how each is organized. I have also identified the principal roles and functions of police organizations and their roles as they relate to the law. You should now have a better understanding of police organizing and how police organization works.

Video Games Affect On Pulse Rate Essays - Gran Turismo, Video Games

Video Games Affect On Pulse Rate Essays - Gran Turismo, Video Games Video Games Affect On Pulse Rate The purpose of this experiment is to find out if video games affect your pulse rate. I predict that the more intense the game is, the higher the pulse rate will be. I believe this because in an intense game, you can get real nervous which would cause you to push the buttons very fast. Sony Playstation Sony Playstation Controller Cool Boarders 3 game Crash Bandicoot 2 game Gran Turismo game Final Fantasy VII game stop watch TV 1. Read resting pulse rate for one minute and record. 2. Repeat step 1 two more times and record. Also calculate the average pulse rate and record. 3. Insert a selected game and begin playing. 4. Play for 5 minutes. 5. Stop playing and read pulse rate for one minute. Record. 6. Repeat steps 4-5 for two more trials. 7. Calculate the average pulse rate and record. 8. Repeat steps 3-7 for other games. 9. Repeat steps 1-8 for additional people. Trial 1 Person APerson BPerson CPerson D Resting80726888 Cool Boarders 388688092 Crash Bandicoot 2968476100 Final Fantasy VII84727288 Gran Turismo968888100 Trial 2 Person APerson BPerson CPerson D Resting76687684 Cool Boarders 3848476104 Crash Bandicoot 2848876104 Final Fantasy VII80727684 Gran Turismo881008888 Trial 3 Person APerson BPerson CPerson D Resting72727288 Cool Boarders 3888080100 Crash Bandicoot 288887696 Final Fantasy VII76768088 Gran Turismo84808092 Average Pulse Rates Person APerson BPerson CPerson D Resting7670.67286.6 Cool Boarders 386.677.378.698.6 Crash Bandicoot 289.386.676100 Final Fantasy VII8073.37686.6 Gran Turismo89.389.385.393.3 I have discovered that my hypothesis was correct. Video games do indeed affect the body?s pulse rate. Crash Bandicoot 2 posted the highest pulse rates. This game is an action game. Final Fantasy VII posted the lowest pulse rates. This game is very slow. Another thing that I discovered was that people who regularly played video games had a bigger pulse increase. This experiment shows that video games can affect the human body.

Total quality management origins and evolution of the term

Total quality management origins and evolution of the term Article title – Total quality management: origins and evolution of the term Authors of the article – Angel R. Martinez, Lorente Frank Dewhurst and Barrie G Date The article was written in 1998.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Total quality management: origins and evolution of the term specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The article’s central concern and its relation to International Business Course The broad area covered in this article is the origins of the term Total Quality Management (TQM) and a clarification on the divergent definitions of the term TQM offered by business academics and practitioners, highlighting the specific contributions made by the key proponents towards the development of the term TQM. The main dimensions, components, practices and mechanisms of TQM are also explored with a comparative analogy on how they have been integrated in different business cultures. This relat es TQM to quality management tools and techniques, in that it has erected a standardized quality assurance platform upon which both national and international business corporations and institutions can be gauged, to ensure customer satisfaction, employee motivation at optimal production cost. This article talks about the origins, development and applications of both conventional and upcoming quality management dimensions to guarantee customer satisfaction and optimal production cost. I like this article; this is due to the fact that it embraces a holistic approach to management practices which provide an avenue for quality assurance and business proficiency. Key learning points; Origins of TQM, Components of TQM, Benchmarking, Quality control, development of TQM, Cultural differences, TQM gurus As a corollary in the analysis of the origins and evolution of the term total quality management, the central concern is the incorporation of quality management components in every corporate institute for quality assurance.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The relevant statements to the article In the global marketplace increased levels of competition have resulted in quality becoming of increasing importance to organizations and consequently total quality management (TQM) has become a key management issue. This highlights the strategic utility value of TQM in perfecting corporate efficiency, competitiveness and survival in the business arena. It can be argued that many of the TQM dimensions outlined in Table 1 were being applied by organizations before the TQM movement appeared; consequently, it is not easy to establish the exact date of birth of the term TQM. Perhaps, the main reason for the origin of the term TQM could be a substitution ion the previously used tern of total quality control (TQC), the word â€Å"control† by â€Å"manageme nt† with the reasoning that quality is not just a matter of control, it has to be managed. These two statements describe the progressive and sequential historical development of TQM, from the informal deliberative stage of 1960s to the current concrete TQM concept. In the USA the development of quality management resulted from the penetration of its markets by Japanese products which started in the 1970s, together with the impact of the writings of Crosby, Deming, Feigenbaum and Juran. Japanese companies have developed their own approach to TQC, based on the teachings of Deming and Juran, shaping it to suit their own culture and operating environment along with the development of a new set of tools, techniques and operating systems.Advertising We will write a custom coursework sample on Total quality management: origins and evolution of the term specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A brief comparison of the ideas of these five qual ity gurus (Crosby, Deming, Feigenbaum, Ishikawa and Juran) in relation to the TQM dimensions that were introduced in table (I) is made in table (IV). It can be seen that the need of top management support and the importance of management support and the importance of customer relationship is shared by all. Bench-marking is not considered by any of them, perhaps because this technique came to the fore when they already had a well-proven approach to quality management. The three preceding statements point at the collaborative role of quality gurus facilitating cultural transfer of quality management concepts around the globe. This paper has considered the evolution of the elements, practices and mechanisms that define TQM. It has been shown that, while the term TQM only began to be popularized in the second half of the 1980s, many of the elements that have shaped it were developed early, during the 1950s to 1970s. Most theoretical developments in the advancement of the concept have be en made in the USA whereas Japan has held the initiative in terms of application. The paper also indicated a lack of a total agreement about how to apply TQM, as supported by the differences in the views of the leading quality management gurus. For example, the need for focus on workforce management is widely accepted but the proposed ways in which to apply this form of management are different. Other elements of TQM, such as benchmarking and supply chain management, are not considered in any detail by the shapers of the TQM concept.Advertising Looking for coursework on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Differences in the application TQM amongst different countries also appear to exist. Since the culture of the company influences the approach to the application of TQM, different countries with different cultures apply TQM in different ways. However as we approach the end of the century economies and societies are becoming increasingly inter-related and these differences are diminishing. These three preceding statements sum up the historical evolution in the development of TQM. Critical analysis Yes, I am happy about what I have read. This is because, this seminal work is comprehensive in its exposition on the; origins, stages of development, components, practices and cultural transfer of top quality management (TQM) in the business fraternity. TQM has proved to be a fitting tool of leverage between corporate profit maximization drive and the inherent consumer satisfaction desires, by ensuring that every corporation meets certain threshold quality assurance standards. The elucidatio n of the components of top quality management, embraces a holistic approach- universally acclaimed- to institutional and business quality checks and balances. Nonetheless, the paper does not highlight the current noble areas of achievement upon the implementation of TQM in business and corporate entities, thus the taste of authenticity and applicability in the business platform is missing to a certain measure. Applying the subject matter of the article to a real life business case TQM can be employed by business managers and executives in providing a leading role quality assurance; whereby strategic and effective decisions would be made concerning employee motivation, customer satisfaction and the central aim of optimized business profit gains. Employing the statistical tools in the product design process, quality data sampling and reporting in businesses ensure mistake proof process flow and an informed awareness on the viability of business ventures- cushioning the business agains t unforeseen risks. The establishment of a quality assurance department in any business does provide the necessary; link between the executive and employees, cross-cutting monitory services for all the departments of the business, thus, ensuring quality service delivery to all the stakeholders of the business. What I have learned I have established the origin, development and the various components of TQM from this article. The article has opened my horizons on the cultural impact and collaboration on the development of TQM as a global concept in managerial practices. Practicing executives can harness the seminal propositions advanced in this TQM article by taking the market advantage through offering quality services to their clients.

A Survey of Advances in Biometric Security Research Paper

A Survey of Advances in Biometric Security - Research Paper Example The research paper primarily emphasizes upon the analysis of the advancement that has been seen in the field of biometrics over the years, which has widened its implementation and popularity in the recent time. It has been learnt that biometric solutions have become quite popular amid various sectors of the society with regard to its importance as a security control measures. The technology works for analyzing and evaluating the identification of any individual through examining their physical and biological elements. It is believed that the technology assure utmost accuracy while executing the process of data accumulation and data analysis further ensuring the proper identification of any individuals. This aspect further aids in assuring protection of any secured areas or confidential networks. There are several forms of biometric security solutions, such DNA identification, fingerprint analysis, face recognition and etc. However, it is believed that there are certain errors that ca n take place in the process of executing security measures through the use of biometric solutions. This particular aspect, impact the social acceptance of the system. It is known that use of biometric solutions has its origination since the early civilization where many of the approaches currently used by biometric solutions were used for various purposes. It can be concluded that biometric security solutions has developed rapidly over the years and recently has gained widespread acceptance as one of the most reliable security measures.

Developing Leadership Diversity Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Developing Leadership Diversity - Research Paper Example According to an issue paper published by the Military Leadership Diversity Commission (MLDC), â€Å"diversity leadership addresses how leaders at all ranks and organizational levels shape the impact of diversity dynamics in the forces under their command† (2010, p. 2). Due to the expansive applicability of developing leadership diversity in current times, the research paper hereby aims to proffer pertinent issues relative to leadership diversity and would hereby identify and describe emerging ideas and examples of innovative organizations that apply the chosen leadership diversity concepts. Definition of Terms A study conducted by Lim, Cho & Curry (2008) have explicitly provided a definition of diversity leadership as dealing â€Å"with ways in which people and groups relate to one another and how management [leadership] decisions are made in the midst of differences similarities and tensions among groups† (cited in Military Leadership Diversity Commision (MLDC), 2010, p. 1). ... Morrison’s (1992) definition of leadership diversity, to wit: â€Å"the acknowledging that diversity is indeed a leadership issue and is â€Å"the integration of diversity within the leadership ranks† (p.4; cited by Alkandry, n.d., p. 8). Emerging Ideas In the research conducted by Alkandry (n.d.), the author acknowledged that â€Å"managing a diverse workforce would need a different type of leader who is capable of exercising cultural relativism. In this situation leadership diversity becomes an issue of inclusiveness and respect for the cultural uniqueness of every member of the organization† (Alkandry, n.d., p. 5). This is consistent with Shen, et.al.’s (2009) study which disclosed that â€Å"diversity management does not only recognize but also values and harnesses workforce differences, such as individual characteristics, backgrounds, orientations and religious beliefs, so that individual talents are being fully utilized and organizational goals are met† (p. 238). Given these theoretical frameworks, the challenge is to develop leaders who recognize distinct values on respective cultural orientations; yet, are able to harness talents, skills and abilities that facilitate the achievement of organizational goals. Morrison (1993) proposed five steps in developing leadership diversity in organizations, as follows: â€Å"The first step is to discover, and then regularly rediscover, the current problems in your own organization. Step two is to strengthen top management commitment. Step three is to choose practices in a strategic way. Then, step four is to demand results from those efforts. Step five is to then build on progress to keep momentum going† (par. 13). Contemporary organizations have been manifested to practice developing leadership diversity, as proposed by